AMZN shares rose by 15% last Friday, after the company gave its first income statement details about Amazon Web Services (AWS), its cloud business. In its quarterly reporting from now on, AMZN will break out three business segments: US sales, International Sales and AWS.
IN the late Thursday earnings release, Jeff Bezos said that AWS is growing fast and “in fact, it’s accelerating.”
the data
operating income
–during calendar 2013, AWS had segment operating income of $673 million, according to the GAAP accounting rules used in financial accounting. That was 35.3% of AMZN’s total segment income.
—for 2014, AMS had segment operating income of $660 million, or 36.5% of the total
–in 1Q15, AMS had segment income of $265 million, 37.5% of the corporate total
cash flow
–on GAAP principles, AWS had cash flow of $2.4 billion last year.
capital spending
–AWS represents over a third of AMZN’s plant and equipment of $17 billion. With $4.3 billion in plant additions in 2014, AWS was almost half the company’s total capital spending. Of the $4.3 billion in new plant, $3 billion was acquired using capital leases–meaning a kind of financing which looks like a loan but which allows AWS to buy the stuff cheaply at the end of the lease.
plant life
–if we divide last year’s depreciation into the average of 2013 and 2014 plant, we get an average plant life of 4 1/2 years.
–return on capital
–last year AWS earned $660 million, using capital of $4.6 billion, meaning a return of 14%.
what to make of this
It’s hard to make a lot out of two years’ data, especially in such a fast-moving and capital-intensive business as AWS’s.
The GAAP numbers look good. Nevertheless, AWS is cash-flow negative, which isn’t troubling if we’re certain that the company will continue to earn a significant return on the capital it is pouring into AWS. Also, although there’s no way to tell for sure, it seems to me likely that on its IRS books, AWS is losing money. How so? …tax breaks for technology investment, including depreciation that’s heavily front-loaded (vs. spread out evenly over the assumed life of the equipment, as GAAP calls for).
Certainly, if Wall Street’s view has been that AWS is bleeding red GAAP ink, the reality is hugely better. As time goes on, we’ll be better able to judge how insatiable AWS’s need for capital is–or whether, as one would hope, AWS will turn cash flow positive . My guess is that before then, AWS will be more than half AMZN’s profits, as well. So holders will have to figure out whether or not it’s an uptick to hold shares in an internet infrastructure business that happens to retail stuff online, too.